Use a comma to set off appositives. …

Use a comma to indicate direct address. …

Use commas to set off direct quotations.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

When should a comma be used examples?

Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.

Where are commas necessary?

Commas are necessary before a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) that separates two independent clauses. Commas are necessary after introductory words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence.

What are the 10 uses of comma?

When to Use a Comma: 10 Rules and Examples

• Rule #1: Use Commas to Separate Items in a List. …
• Rule #2: Use a Comma After an Introductory Word or Phrase. …
• Rule #3: Use a Comma Before a Quotation. …
• Rule #4: Use a Comma to Separate a Dependent Clause That Comes BEFORE the Independent Clause.

What are 5 uses of a comma?

The 5 Uses of a Comma

• Separating the main elements of a sentence from each other.
• Setting off a parenthetical element from the rest of the sentence.
• Separating elements in a series.
• Setting off dialogs or quotations.
• Other uses of the comma.

What is the role of comma?

The comma functions as a tool to indicate to readers a certain separation of words, phrases, or ideas in order to prevent misreading the writer’s intended meaning. When a sentence is spoken aloud, a comma often represents a pause, which in verbal conversation functions to clarify meaning.

Is it grammatically correct to put a comma before and?

Use a comma before any coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet) that links two independent clauses. … An independent clause is a unit of grammatical organization that includes both a subject and verb and can stand on its own as a sentence.

How do you use commas correctly?

Commas (Eight Basic Uses)

1. Use a comma to separate independent clauses. …
2. Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. …
3. Use a comma between all items in a series. …
4. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses. …
5. Use a comma to set off appositives. …
6. Use a comma to indicate direct address. …
7. Use commas to set off direct quotations.

Do we put comma before or?

The answer depends on how you are using or. Always place a comma before or when it begins an independent clause, but if it begins a dependent clause, don’t. In a series (or list) of three or more items, you can use a comma before or, but this is a preference, not a rule.

What are the 4 types of commas?

There are four types of comma: the listing comma, the joining comma, the gapping comma and bracketing commas. A listing comma can always be replaced by the word and or or: Vanessa seems to live on eggs, pasta and aubergines.

What is Full Stop example?

Full stops in abbreviations

A full stop is the standard punctuation to use after or between many abbreviated phrases and words. For example five p.m., Prof. Smith, Sgt. Jones.

What are the 3 comma rules?

Since I made such a stink about it, let’s start with this rule:

• Use a comma between items in a series or list.
• Use a comma between two independent clauses separated by a conjunction.
• Use a comma between two adjectives preceding a noun.
• Your Mission.

Do commas always go after because?

Because is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause; good style dictates that there should be no comma between these two clauses. … There should generally be no comma between the two. Michael went to the forest, because he loves walking among the trees.

Does a comma splice have to have a comma?

When you join two independent clauses with a comma and no conjunction, it’s called a comma splice. Some people consider this a type of run-on sentence, while other people think of it as a punctuation error.

How do you teach commas?

Comma Usage

1. Use commas to separate items in a series. …
2. Use commas after introductory words or mild interjections. …
3. Use commas to set off words of direct address. …
4. Use commas to set off one or more words that interrupt the flow of a sentence.

How many commas should be in a sentence?

Last but not least, use a comma to separate three or more items. You can use two commas for three items, or if you’re like me you obsess over the Oxford Comma. That’s the little comma that can be arguable both necessary and unnecessary, and is after the last item listed in the series.

How many commas do you need for 3 words?

One use of the comma is to separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses in a list or series. Commas go after each item except the last. Note: In British usage, there is no comma before the conjunction (such as and or or) before the last item in the series.

Can you put a comma after and?

The simple truth is that you never need a comma after “and” because of the word “and” itself. … In other words, unless there is some other grammatical reason that a comma needs to appear at that point in the sentence, the word “and” shouldn’t be followed by one.

Why do you put a comma after a name?

Commas around a name or title indicate that it is NOT essential to the meaning of a sentence – the sentence will make sense in context without it.

What is not a basic function of a comma?

Do not use commas to separate subjects or objects with only two nouns or noun phrases. Do not use commas to separate predicate adjectives with only two adjectives or adjective phrases. Do not use commas to separate predicates with only two verbs or verb phrases. (The asterisk * marks incorrect usage.)

What are full stops used for?

Full stops and commas are punctuation marks. A full stop ends a sentence. A comma shows a pause, breaks up a list or separates part of a sentence.

How does a comma help a reader?

The comma is a punctuation mark that is used to keep distinct information separated. It helps the reader understand how the ideas in the sentence work together. Although many writers benefit from reading aloud commas as pauses while proofreading, a comma does not always represent a pause in a spoken sentence.

What are the uses of colon?

A colon is used to give emphasis, present dialogue, introduce lists or text, and clarify composition titles. Emphasis—Capitalize the first word after the colon only if it is a proper noun or the start of a complete sentence.

Can simple sentences have commas?

A simple sentence contains only one independent clause and no dependent clauses. … With a simple sentence, however, the general rule is to omit the comma. Rule: Do not use a comma before a coordinating conjunction if the sentence contains only one independent clause.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

Can commas go anywhere?

Commas go anywhere you feel like pausing; it’s personal preference. It’s fine to put just a comma between two complete sentences. Cumulative adjectives get commas, while coordinate adjectives do not. Which sentence uses an ellipsis correctly?

Do commas go before and?

The word and is a conjunction, and when a conjunction joins two independent clauses, you should use a comma with it. The proper place for the comma is before the conjunction. … Therefore, we need a comma before and. Don’t use a comma before and when one of the clauses it’s connecting is a dependent clause.

Can you put a comma after and?

The simple truth is that you never need a comma after “and” because of the word “and” itself. … In other words, unless there is some other grammatical reason that a comma needs to appear at that point in the sentence, the word “and” shouldn’t be followed by one.

Does While need a comma?

When while is the first word of your sentence, you obviously shouldn’t add a comma in front of it. But if you’re using while to mean “whereas,” you still need to put a comma somewhere. … The comma should go between the things being contrasted or happening at the same time.

Can you join two sentences with just a comma?

In English, when you join two complete sentences with the conjunctions and, or, but, nor, yet, so, or for, place a comma before the conjunction. If you use just a comma, you create a comma splice and your friends will all laugh at you.

Do you put a comma after a transition word?

Use a comma after a transition word or phrase: One day, my mother called me with good news. … Use a comma before the eight coordinating conjunctions and, or, so, but, nor, yet, for, although if they connect two complete sentences with subject and verb: He came early, but she came late.

Do commas always go after because?

Because is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause; good style dictates that there should be no comma between these two clauses. … There should generally be no comma between the two. Michael went to the forest, because he loves walking among the trees.

When should a comma not be used?

Do not use commas to set off essential elements of the sentence, such as clauses beginning with that (relative clauses). That clauses after nouns are always essential. That clauses following a verb expressing mental action are always essential.

How important is a comma?

Commas help your reader figure out which words go together in a sentence and which parts of your sentences are most important. Using commas incorrectly may confuse the reader, signal ignorance of writing rules, or indicate carelessness.

Is it correct to say the reason is because?

‘The Reason Is Because’: Redundant But Acceptable. … The fact is because does not always mean “for the reason that.” It can also be understood to mean “the fact that” or simply “that.” With either of these meanings substituted in the phrase, the phrase “the reason is because” makes sense and is not necessarily redundant.

Which conjunctions are always together?

Correlative conjunctions, or paired conjunctions, are sets of conjunctions that are always used together. Like coordinating conjunctions, they join words, phrases, or independent clauses of similar or equal importance and structure. Unlike coordinating conjunctions, they can only join two elements together, no more.

Do you use a semicolon before because?

Yesterday was a disaster; because discovering you are the victim of a home invasion never leads to a good day. The word because is a linking word and the semicolon isn’t appropriate where there is a link.

Do you put two commas around however?

As a conjunctive adverb, however is used to combine two sentences and show their contrast or opposition. … When however is used at the beginning of a sentence, there should be a comma (,) after however if what follows the word is a complete sentence.

What’s a good transition word?

And, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, besides, than, too, also, both-and, another, equally important, first, second, etc., again, further, last, finally, not only-but also, as well as, in the second place, next, likewise, similarly, in fact, as a result, consequently, in the same way, for example, for instance, …

Do I put a comma after in conclusion?

Do you put a comma after in conclusion? Concluding phrases and clauses are not punctuated with commas when they are restrictive or necessary to a complete understanding of the sentence. When they are non-restrictive, or may be de-emphasized, set them apart with commas.

How do you use commas correctly?

Commas (Eight Basic Uses)

1. Use a comma to separate independent clauses. …
2. Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. …
3. Use a comma between all items in a series. …
4. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses. …
5. Use a comma to set off appositives. …
6. Use a comma to indicate direct address. …
7. Use commas to set off direct quotations.

Do you have to put a comma between two independent clauses?

To combine two independent clauses (complete sentences), use a semicolon or a comma and conjunction. To attach a dependent clause, use a comma if it comes before the independent clause; use no comma if it comes after the independent clause, unless it is a “contrast word” (although, though, even though, whereas).

Do commas not join independent clauses?

Do not join independent clauses by a comma.

If two or more clauses, grammatically complete and not joined by a conjunction, are to form a single compound sentence, the proper mark of punctuation is a semicolon. … If a conjunction is inserted, the proper mark is a comma (Rule 4).

Is if a conjunction word?

If is a conjunction.

Do we put comma after although?

Never put a comma after although. 2. Always attach an although idea to a complete sentence. Anything that starts with although is an extra idea.

Do you put a before while?

While is a subordinating conjunction, but in some circumstances it can act as an adverb of concession as well. In these circumstances it should have a comma before it. If you can replace while with as, then it shouldn’t have a comma before it. It is just a normal subordinating conjunction.

What are the 7 correlative conjunctions?

The correlative conjunctions are either...or, neither… nor, both…and, not only…but also, whether…or.

What are the 7 conjunctions?

The seven coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

Can commas go anywhere?

Commas go anywhere you feel like pausing; it’s personal preference. It’s fine to put just a comma between two complete sentences. Cumulative adjectives get commas, while coordinate adjectives do not. Which sentence uses an ellipsis correctly?

Do commas go before and?

The word and is a conjunction, and when a conjunction joins two independent clauses, you should use a comma with it. The proper place for the comma is before the conjunction. … Therefore, we need a comma before and. Don’t use a comma before and when one of the clauses it’s connecting is a dependent clause.

Can you put a comma after and?

The simple truth is that you never need a comma after “and” because of the word “and” itself. … In other words, unless there is some other grammatical reason that a comma needs to appear at that point in the sentence, the word “and” shouldn’t be followed by one.

Does While need a comma?

When while is the first word of your sentence, you obviously shouldn’t add a comma in front of it. But if you’re using while to mean “whereas,” you still need to put a comma somewhere. … The comma should go between the things being contrasted or happening at the same time.

Can you join two sentences with just a comma?

In English, when you join two complete sentences with the conjunctions and, or, but, nor, yet, so, or for, place a comma before the conjunction. If you use just a comma, you create a comma splice and your friends will all laugh at you.

Do you put a comma after a transition word?

Use a comma after a transition word or phrase: One day, my mother called me with good news. … Use a comma before the eight coordinating conjunctions and, or, so, but, nor, yet, for, although if they connect two complete sentences with subject and verb: He came early, but she came late.

Do commas always go after because?

Because is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause; good style dictates that there should be no comma between these two clauses. … There should generally be no comma between the two. Michael went to the forest, because he loves walking among the trees.

When should a comma not be used?

Do not use commas to set off essential elements of the sentence, such as clauses beginning with that (relative clauses). That clauses after nouns are always essential. That clauses following a verb expressing mental action are always essential.

How important is a comma?

Commas help your reader figure out which words go together in a sentence and which parts of your sentences are most important. Using commas incorrectly may confuse the reader, signal ignorance of writing rules, or indicate carelessness.

Is it correct to say the reason is because?

‘The Reason Is Because’: Redundant But Acceptable. … The fact is because does not always mean “for the reason that.” It can also be understood to mean “the fact that” or simply “that.” With either of these meanings substituted in the phrase, the phrase “the reason is because” makes sense and is not necessarily redundant.

Which conjunctions are always together?

Correlative conjunctions, or paired conjunctions, are sets of conjunctions that are always used together. Like coordinating conjunctions, they join words, phrases, or independent clauses of similar or equal importance and structure. Unlike coordinating conjunctions, they can only join two elements together, no more.

Do you use a semicolon before because?

Yesterday was a disaster; because discovering you are the victim of a home invasion never leads to a good day. The word because is a linking word and the semicolon isn’t appropriate where there is a link.

Do you put two commas around however?

As a conjunctive adverb, however is used to combine two sentences and show their contrast or opposition. … When however is used at the beginning of a sentence, there should be a comma (,) after however if what follows the word is a complete sentence.

What’s a good transition word?

And, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, besides, than, too, also, both-and, another, equally important, first, second, etc., again, further, last, finally, not only-but also, as well as, in the second place, next, likewise, similarly, in fact, as a result, consequently, in the same way, for example, for instance, …

Do I put a comma after in conclusion?

Do you put a comma after in conclusion? Concluding phrases and clauses are not punctuated with commas when they are restrictive or necessary to a complete understanding of the sentence. When they are non-restrictive, or may be de-emphasized, set them apart with commas.

How do you use commas correctly?

Commas (Eight Basic Uses)

1. Use a comma to separate independent clauses. …
2. Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. …
3. Use a comma between all items in a series. …
4. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses. …
5. Use a comma to set off appositives. …
6. Use a comma to indicate direct address. …
7. Use commas to set off direct quotations.

Do you have to put a comma between two independent clauses?

To combine two independent clauses (complete sentences), use a semicolon or a comma and conjunction. To attach a dependent clause, use a comma if it comes before the independent clause; use no comma if it comes after the independent clause, unless it is a “contrast word” (although, though, even though, whereas).

Do commas not join independent clauses?

Do not join independent clauses by a comma.

If two or more clauses, grammatically complete and not joined by a conjunction, are to form a single compound sentence, the proper mark of punctuation is a semicolon. … If a conjunction is inserted, the proper mark is a comma (Rule 4).

Is if a conjunction word?

If is a conjunction.

Do we put comma after although?

Never put a comma after although. 2. Always attach an although idea to a complete sentence. Anything that starts with although is an extra idea.

Do you put a before while?

While is a subordinating conjunction, but in some circumstances it can act as an adverb of concession as well. In these circumstances it should have a comma before it. If you can replace while with as, then it shouldn’t have a comma before it. It is just a normal subordinating conjunction.

What are the 7 correlative conjunctions?

The correlative conjunctions are either...or, neither… nor, both…and, not only…but also, whether…or.

What are the 7 conjunctions?

The seven coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.

Use a comma to set off appositives. …

Use a comma to indicate direct address. …

Use commas to set off direct quotations.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

Can commas go anywhere?

Commas go anywhere you feel like pausing; it’s personal preference. It’s fine to put just a comma between two complete sentences. Cumulative adjectives get commas, while coordinate adjectives do not. Which sentence uses an ellipsis correctly?

Should I put a comma before and?

Use a comma before any coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet) that links two independent clauses. … An independent clause is a unit of grammatical organization that includes both a subject and verb and can stand on its own as a sentence.

Can you join two sentences with just a comma?

In English, when you join two complete sentences with the conjunctions and, or, but, nor, yet, so, or for, place a comma before the conjunction. If you use just a comma, you create a comma splice and your friends will all laugh at you.

Do commas always go after because?

Because is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause; good style dictates that there should be no comma between these two clauses. … There should generally be no comma between the two. Michael went to the forest, because he loves walking among the trees.

How important is a comma?

Commas help your reader figure out which words go together in a sentence and which parts of your sentences are most important. Using commas incorrectly may confuse the reader, signal ignorance of writing rules, or indicate carelessness.

When listing things do you use a comma?

When making a list, commas are the most common way to separate one list item from the next. The final two items in the list are usually separated by “and” or “or”, which should be preceeded by a comma. Amongst editors this final comma in a list is known as the “Oxford Comma”.

Where do commas go when listing 3 things?

Commas should be used when three or more items in a series are listed. A comma should be placed between each of the three items (it is also acceptable to leave out the comma between the second-to-last item and the last item in the series). Items in the series may consist of a word, clause, or phrase.

When listing three things do you use a comma?

As mentioned above, when you are listing three or more items, commas should separate each element of the list. However, the final comma—the one that comes before the and—is optional. This comma is called the serial comma or the Oxford comma. Whether or not you use the serial comma is a style choice.

When listing Do you use a comma or semicolon?

Use a semicolon between items in a list or series if any of the items contain commas. There are basically two ways to write: with a pen or pencil, which is inexpensive and easily accessible; or by computer and printer, which is more expensive but quick and neat.

What is the most important job that commas have?

Commas are arguably the most important grammatical tool the English language has to offer. They splice a sentence, providing cohesion and unity. Commas also allow the reader to understand the proper connotation of a writer’s words.

How commas make a difference?

The absence or presence of a comma can change the entire meaning of a sentence. For example, there’s a cannibalistic difference between “Let’s eat grandma” and “Let’s eat, grandma.” The same holds true for apostrophes, hyphens, colons, and other punctuation marks.

How commas affect meaning?

As defined by the Oxford Dictionary (2017), a comma “marks a slight break between different parts of a sentence. Used properly, commas make the meaning of sentences clear by grouping and separating words, phrases, and clauses.” However, commas are often a misunderstood grammatical element.

Which conjunctions are always together?

Correlative conjunctions, or paired conjunctions, are sets of conjunctions that are always used together. Like coordinating conjunctions, they join words, phrases, or independent clauses of similar or equal importance and structure. Unlike coordinating conjunctions, they can only join two elements together, no more.

Is it correct to say the reason is because?

‘The Reason Is Because’: Redundant But Acceptable. … The fact is because does not always mean “for the reason that.” It can also be understood to mean “the fact that” or simply “that.” With either of these meanings substituted in the phrase, the phrase “the reason is because” makes sense and is not necessarily redundant.

Why do we need punctuation examples?

Using punctuation in your writing helps the reader to clearly understand the message that is being conveyed. … Punctuation primarily helps to indicate the pauses and the emphasis on certain ideas or thoughts that are discussed in the text.

How do you use commas in a sentence?

Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.

What does Aaawwubbis stand for?

A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a noun and a verb, but does not contain a complete thought. A dependent clause depends on the rest of the sentence to make sense. A dependent clause usually starts with an AAAWWUBBIS word: As, Although, After, While, When, Unless, Because, Before, If, Since.

Does comma MEAN AND or OR?

comma Add to list Share. A comma is a punctuation mark that indicates a pause in a sentence or separates items in a list. A comma is also used before the words “and” or “but” to join two independent clauses.

Can a semicolon be used before and?

Semi-colons can be used before a conjunction like ‘and’ or ‘but’ to join two simple sentences, one or both of which already contain commas. The semi-colon is used in this way to outrank the commas.

What are some examples of semicolons?

Examples of Semicolons: Joan likes eggs; Jennifer does not. The cat slept through the storm; the dog cowered under the bed. Semicolons are also used in a sentence when something stronger than a comma is needed.

When should a semicolon be used examples?

Here’s an example: I have a big test tomorrow; I can’t go out tonight. The two clauses in that sentence are separated by a semicolon and could be sentences on their own if you put a period between them instead: I have a big test tomorrow.

When can you use a comma after and?

If, for example, the word ‘and’ precedes a clause beginning ‘although’, you usually put a comma after it and, if it precedes a conditional clause, you normally insert a comma as well.

What is the comma rule?

Use a comma before which when it introduces a nonrestrictive phrase. Don’t use a comma before which when it’s part of a prepositional phrase, such as “in which.” Don’t use a comma before which when it introduces an indirect question.

Use a comma to set off appositives. …

Use a comma to indicate direct address. …

Use commas to set off direct quotations.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

What is the rule for adding commas?

Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.

What are the 15 rules for commas?

Terms in this set (15)

• Rule 1: 3 things in a series. …
• Rule 2: introductory phrase. …
• Rule 3: introdutory participles. …
• Rule 4: interrupt flow. …
• Rule 5: appositives. …
• Rule 6: after introductory word and direct names. …
• Rule 7: use conjunctions to join main clauses. …
• Rule 8: after an adverb clause that introduces a sentence.

When can commas be used?

Use commas to separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses written in a series. Use commas to separate two or more coordinate adjectives that describe the same noun. Be sure never to add an extra comma between the final adjective and the noun itself or to use commas with non-coordinate adjectives.

Is it grammatically correct to put a comma before and?

Use a comma before any coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet) that links two independent clauses. … An independent clause is a unit of grammatical organization that includes both a subject and verb and can stand on its own as a sentence.

Should you use commas with and?

The word and is a conjunction, and when a conjunction joins two independent clauses, you should use a comma with it. The proper place for the comma is before the conjunction. … Here’s a tip: Remember, when you’re joining two independent clauses, you need both a comma and a conjunction.

How many commas should be in a sentence?

Last but not least, use a comma to separate three or more items. You can use two commas for three items, or if you’re like me you obsess over the Oxford Comma. That’s the little comma that can be arguable both necessary and unnecessary, and is after the last item listed in the series.

Does a comma splice have to have a comma?

When you join two independent clauses with a comma and no conjunction, it’s called a comma splice. Some people consider this a type of run-on sentence, while other people think of it as a punctuation error.

What are the different types of commas?

There are four types of comma: the listing comma, the joining comma, the gapping comma and bracketing commas. A listing comma can always be replaced by the word and or or: Vanessa seems to live on eggs, pasta and aubergines.

What is an example of a nonrestrictive clause?

A nonrestrictive element describes a word whose meaning is already clear without the additional words. It is not essential to the meaning of the sentence and is set off with commas. Example: The children needed sturdy shoes, which were expensive. In this sentence we learn an extra fact—the shoes were expensive.

Where do commas go in addresses?

When you include an address in a sentence, be sure to place a comma after the street and after the city. Do not place a comma between the state and the zip code. Like a date, if you need to continue the sentence after adding the address, simply add a comma after the address.

Do I need a comma check?

To grammar check for commas, you should use it for introductory words that begin a sentence. … You can use it when writing non-essential clauses or phrases, parts of a sentence you may remove without altering the meaning or thought of the sentence. For instance, “Jacob, our friend, lost against one of our friends.”

Do commas always go after because?

Because is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause; good style dictates that there should be no comma between these two clauses. … There should generally be no comma between the two. Michael went to the forest, because he loves walking among the trees.

How important is a comma?

Commas help your reader figure out which words go together in a sentence and which parts of your sentences are most important. Using commas incorrectly may confuse the reader, signal ignorance of writing rules, or indicate carelessness.

Does a comma mean a pause?

Rule of thumb: a comma indicates a pause in speech.

When in doubts then, read the sentence aloud. If you pause at some place, insert a comma to mark the pause. Still, commas are more than simple pause-markers; they help the reader understand the structure of the sentence and resolve ambiguity.

What’s the difference between comma splices and run-on sentences?

3. A run-on sentence is made up of two or more independent clauses that are not joined correctly or which should be made into separate sentences. … A comma splice is the incorrect use of a comma to join two independent clauses.

Do commas not join independent clauses?

Do not join independent clauses by a comma.

If two or more clauses, grammatically complete and not joined by a conjunction, are to form a single compound sentence, the proper mark of punctuation is a semicolon. … If a conjunction is inserted, the proper mark is a comma (Rule 4).

Can a sentence have multiple commas?

Although we often hear about run-on sentences and people who neglect commas, it’s also entirely possible to use far too many commas. Luckily, there’s a perfect and grammatically correct way to include commas in any piece of writing. Using our list of comma rules, it’s time to say goodbye to your unnecessary commas.

Can you put two commas one sentence?

Use a pair of commas in the middle of a sentence to set off clauses, phrases, and words that are not essential to the meaning of the sentence. Use one comma before to indicate the beginning of the pause and one at the end to indicate the end of the pause.

Do you put a comma after in conclusion?

Do you put a comma after in conclusion? Concluding phrases and clauses are not punctuated with commas when they are restrictive or necessary to a complete understanding of the sentence. When they are non-restrictive, or may be de-emphasized, set them apart with commas.

Can a semicolon be used before and?

Semi-colons can be used before a conjunction like ‘and’ or ‘but’ to join two simple sentences, one or both of which already contain commas. The semi-colon is used in this way to outrank the commas.

Which conjunctions are always together?

Correlative conjunctions, or paired conjunctions, are sets of conjunctions that are always used together. Like coordinating conjunctions, they join words, phrases, or independent clauses of similar or equal importance and structure. Unlike coordinating conjunctions, they can only join two elements together, no more.

Why do you put a comma after a name?

Commas around a name or title indicate that it is NOT essential to the meaning of a sentence – the sentence will make sense in context without it.

Use a comma to set off appositives. …

Use a comma to indicate direct address. …

Use commas to set off direct quotations.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

When should a comma be used examples?

Rule 1. Use commas to separate words and word groups in a simple series of three or more items. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.

What are the 10 rules of commas?

10 Comma Rules

• A comma comes before a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) when both are independent clauses. …
• A comma comes after an adverb clause only at the beginning of a sentence—not at the end. …
• A comma comes after a conjunctive adverb that follows a semicolon. …
• A comma coming after an introductory element.

What are the 15 rules for commas?

Terms in this set (15)

• Rule 1: 3 things in a series. …
• Rule 2: introductory phrase. …
• Rule 3: introdutory participles. …
• Rule 4: interrupt flow. …
• Rule 5: appositives. …
• Rule 6: after introductory word and direct names. …
• Rule 7: use conjunctions to join main clauses. …
• Rule 8: after an adverb clause that introduces a sentence.

Do I need a comma?

Commas don’t just signify pauses in a sentence — precise rules govern when to use this punctuation mark. Commas are needed before coordinating conjunctions, after dependent clauses (when they precede independent clauses), and to set off appositives. The Oxford comma reduces ambiguity in lists.

Should you use commas with and?

The word and is a conjunction, and when a conjunction joins two independent clauses, you should use a comma with it. The proper place for the comma is before the conjunction. … Here’s a tip: Remember, when you’re joining two independent clauses, you need both a comma and a conjunction.

What are the 7 rules of commas?

• Commas (Eight Basic Uses) …
• USE A COMMA TO SEPARATE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES. …
• USE A COMMA AFTER AN INTRODUCTORY CLAUSE OR PHRASE. …
• USE A COMMA BETWEEN ALL ITEMS IN A SERIES. …
• USE COMMAS TO SET OFF NONRESTRICTIVE CLAUSES. …
• USE A COMMA TO SET OFF APPOSITIVES. …
• USE A COMMA TO INDICATE DIRECT ADDRESS.

What are the 4 types of commas?

There are four types of comma: the listing comma, the joining comma, the gapping comma and bracketing commas. A listing comma can always be replaced by the word and or or: Vanessa seems to live on eggs, pasta and aubergines.

Where do you put commas?

Commas (Eight Basic Uses)

1. Use a comma to separate independent clauses. …
2. Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. …
3. Use a comma between all items in a series. …
4. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses. …
5. Use a comma to set off appositives. …
6. Use a comma to indicate direct address. …
7. Use commas to set off direct quotations.

What is Full Stop example?

Full stops in abbreviations

A full stop is the standard punctuation to use after or between many abbreviated phrases and words. For example five p.m., Prof. Smith, Sgt. Jones.

What are the 5 uses of a comma?

The 5 Uses of a Comma

• Separating the main elements of a sentence from each other.
• Setting off a parenthetical element from the rest of the sentence.
• Separating elements in a series.
• Setting off dialogs or quotations.
• Other uses of the comma.

How do you teach commas?

Comma Usage

1. Use commas to separate items in a series. …
2. Use commas after introductory words or mild interjections. …
3. Use commas to set off words of direct address. …
4. Use commas to set off one or more words that interrupt the flow of a sentence.

Do commas always go after because?

Because is a subordinating conjunction, which means that it connects a subordinate clause to an independent clause; good style dictates that there should be no comma between these two clauses. … There should generally be no comma between the two. Michael went to the forest, because he loves walking among the trees.

How important is a comma?

Commas help your reader figure out which words go together in a sentence and which parts of your sentences are most important. Using commas incorrectly may confuse the reader, signal ignorance of writing rules, or indicate carelessness.

What are commas examples?

2. Examples of Comma Use

• The pet store has cats, dogs, hamsters, fish, and turtles. Listing things.
• I really wanted cereal this morning, but I didn’t have any milk. Connecting clauses.
• Well, if you really want pancakes, I guess I can make them. Creating pauses.

What are () called in English?

They can also be used in mathematical expressions. For example, 2{1+}=x. Parentheses ( () ) are curved notations used to contain further thoughts or qualifying remarks. However, parentheses can be replaced by commas without changing the meaning in most cases.

Can you have 2 commas in a sentence?

You can use two commas for three items, or if you’re like me you obsess over the Oxford Comma. That’s the little comma that can be arguable both necessary and unnecessary, and is after the last item listed in the series.

What words can you use after a comma?

Common starter words for introductory clauses that should be followed by a comma include after, although, as, because, if, since, when, while. While I was eating, the cat scratched at the door. Because her alarm clock was broken, she was late for class. If you are ill, you ought to see a doctor.

Does nevertheless need a comma?

(d) ” Nevertheless” was used like “however”. But most examples don’t use comma before or after “nevertheless” unless it was used at the beginning of a sentence. For example, in the “e”, there is no comma.

What is the role of a comma when writing sentences?

The comma functions as a tool to indicate to readers a certain separation of words, phrases, or ideas in order to prevent misreading the writer’s intended meaning. When a sentence is spoken aloud, a comma often represents a pause, which in verbal conversation functions to clarify meaning.

Why do you put a comma after a name?

Commas around a name or title indicate that it is NOT essential to the meaning of a sentence – the sentence will make sense in context without it.

Which conjunctions are always together?

Correlative conjunctions, or paired conjunctions, are sets of conjunctions that are always used together. Like coordinating conjunctions, they join words, phrases, or independent clauses of similar or equal importance and structure. Unlike coordinating conjunctions, they can only join two elements together, no more.

Are there commas before but?

If you are joining two independent clauses, use a comma before the word but. Where the but is not joining two independent clauses, do not use a comma.

How do you use commas in a list of three?

Commas should be used when three or more items in a series are listed. A comma should be placed between each of the three items (it is also acceptable to leave out the comma between the second-to-last item and the last item in the series). Items in the series may consist of a word, clause, or phrase.