Ostracon, potshard or limestone flake used in antiquity, especially by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Hebrews, as a surface for drawings or sketches, or as an alternative to papyrus for writing as well as for calculating accounts.
What is the meaning of Ostracon?
: a fragment (as of pottery) containing an inscription —usually used in plural.
Who was ostracized in Athens?
In ancient Athens, ostracism was the process by which any citizen, including political leaders, could be expelled from the city-state for 10 years. Once a year, ancient Athenian citizens would nominate people they felt threatened democracy—because of political differences, dishonesty, or just general dislike.
Who was the first person to be ostracized?
Ostracism is said by Aristotle, in his Constitution of Athens, to have been introduced by Cleisthenes in his reform of the Athenian constitution after the expulsion of Hippias (c. 508 bc), but the first use of it seems to have been made in 488–487 bc, when Hipparchus, son of Charmus of Collytus, was ostracized.
What is an example of ostracism?
Ostracism is being deliberately left out of a group or social setting by exclusion and rejection. … An example of ostracism is a student deliberately not inviting a particular person to their party although they invited everyone else in their class.
When was the ostracon created?
1295–1070 B.C. New Kingdom, Ramesside. Ostraca (plural for ostracon) are potsherds used as surfaces for writing or drawing. By extension, the term is applied to chips of limestone which were employed for similar purposes.
What is the meaning of Sistrum?
1 : an ancient Egyptian and Roman percussion instrument sacred to the goddesses Hathor and Isis consisting usually of a handle attached to a small metal strip bent into an oblong loop with holes for three or four loose metal rods that jingle when shaken.
What is meant by demotic?
demotic dih-MAH-tik adjective. 1 : of, relating to, or written in a simplified form of the ancient Egyptian hieratic writing. 2 : of or relating to people and especially their speech : popular, common. 3 : of or relating to the form of Modern Greek that is based on everyday speech.
What was Ostraca made from?
Ostraca are flakes of limestone that were used as “notepads” for private letters, laundry lists, records of purchases, and copies of literary works.
Why did some city states return to dictatorships and oligarchies?
government. Powerful speakers sometimes persuaded ordinary citizens to vote unwisely. Often, the assembly reversed impor- tant decisions after just a few weeks. Because of problems like these, most city-states returned to earlier forms of government, such as dictatorships and oligarchies.
What is the top of the Parthenon called?
The Parthenon is a resplendent marble temple built between 447 and 432 B.C. during the height of the ancient Greek Empire. Dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena, the Parthenon sits high atop a compound of temples known as the Acropolis of Athens.
What event ended the truce between Athens and Sparta?
The Thirty Years’ Peace was a treaty signed between the ancient Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta in 446/445 BCE. The treaty brought an end to the conflict commonly known as the First Peloponnesian War, which had been raging since c. 460 BCE.
What is an Ostracon ancient Greece?
noun, plural os·tra·ca . (in ancient Greece) a potsherd, especially one used as a ballot on which the name of a person voted to be ostracized was inscribed.
Where was Macedonia located in ancient Greece?
Macedonia was a small kingdom centered along the Aegean Sea on the northeastern part of the Greek Peninsula. Greek political power was concentrated in southern city-states such as Athens, Sparta and Thebes, until the Macedonian king Phillip II conquered these areas during the first half of the fourth century B.C.
Is Anubis Osiris son?
When kings were being judged by Osiris, Anubis placed their hearts on one side of a scale and a feather (representing Maat) on the other. … Anubis is the son of Osiris and Nephthys.
What does vizier mean in history?
Vizier, Arabic and modern Persian wazīr, Turkish vazir, originally the chief minister or representative of the ʿAbbāsid caliphs and later a high administrative officer in various Muslim countries, among Arabs, Persians, Turks, Mongols, and other eastern peoples.
What is a sistrum in the Bible?
The sistrum was a sacred instrument in ancient Egypt. Perhaps originating in the worship of Bat, it was used in dances and religious ceremonies, particularly in the worship of the goddess Hathor, with the U-shape of the sistrum’s handle and frame seen as resembling the face and horns of the cow goddess.
Did ostracism make Athens democratic?
Ostracism in Ancient Athens was the way for people to take toxic people out of rule for 10 years by popular vote. Ostracism made Athens more democratic because it gave the people even more power over their rules.
Who was the first Athenian leader to start the process of democracy?
In the year 507 B.C., the Athenian leader Cleisthenes introduced a system of political reforms that he called demokratia, or “rule by the people” (from demos, “the people,” and kratos, or “power”). It was the first known democracy in the world.
What is a broad collar?
Broad collar, Senebtisi The Usekh or Wesekh is a personal ornament, a type of broad collar or necklace, familiar to many because of its presence in images of the ancient Egyptian elite. Deities, women, and men were depicted wearing this jewelry. One example can be seen on the famous gold mask of Tutankhamun.
Can you ostracize yourself?
It reinforces the feeling and sensation of being alone, not part of, not acceptable, etc. The result of ostracism is extreme anxiety, depression, self hatred, increased blood pressure, loss of appetite, self injury and suicidal thoughts and attempts. This is not only painful but excruciating.
What does ostracism mean in Old English?
The English verb ostracize can mean “to exile by the ancient method of ostracism,” but these days it usually refers to the general exclusion of one person from a group at the agreement of its members. Ostracism and ostracize derive from the Greek ostrakizein (“to banish by voting with potsherds”).
Is ostracism a form of harassment?
Ostracism is often part of a persistent and progressive campaign to diminish the value and presence of an individual in the workplace. This type of harassment is insidious, persistent and often done with the sole intent to either remove an individual or push that individual out of their position.