Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a rare but severe hemorrhagic fever which affects both people and non-human primates. MVD is caused by the Marburg virus, a genetically unique zoonotic (or, animal-borne) RNA virus of the filovirus family.
How did Marburg virus start?
The first people infected had been exposed to Ugandan imported African green monkeys or their tissues while conducting research. One additional case was diagnosed retrospectively. The reservoir host of Marburg virus is the African fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus.
What is the difference between Marburg and Ebola?
Marburg and Ebola viruses are filamentous filoviruses that are distinct from each other but that cause clinically similar diseases characterized by hemorrhagic fevers and capillary leakage. Ebola virus infection is slightly more virulent than Marburg virus infection.
Where did Ebola start?
Ebola virus disease ( EVD ) is a severe disease caused by Ebola virus, a member of the filovirus family, which occurs in humans and other primates. The disease emerged in 1976 in almost simultaneous outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( DRC ) and Sudan (now South Sudan).
What are the symptoms of Marburg virus?
Nausea, vomiting, chest pain, a sore throat, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may then appear. Symptoms become increasingly severe and can include jaundice, inflammation of the pancreas, severe weight loss, delirium, shock, liver failure, massive hemorrhaging, and multi-organ dysfunction.
Is Marburg virus curable?
There is no medicine that cures an Ebola or Marburg virus infection. You will be treated in a hospital and separated from other patients. Treatment may include: Fluids through a vein (IV).
What does Marburg virus look like?
Marburg virus has an unusual shape. They are pleomorphic in shape, which means they can be a number of different shapes are rod-like or ring-like, crook- or six-shaped, or with branched structures. Research has indicated that around 30% of viral particles are filamentous, 37% are six-shaped, and 33% are round.
Who Marburg disease?
Marburg virus disease. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a severe and highly fatal disease caused by a virus from the same family as the one that causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Both diseases are rare, but can cause dramatic outbreaks with high fatality. There is currently no specific treatment or vaccine.
What does Marburg virus do to the body?
Marburg virus disease is a severe disease that causes haemorrhagic fever in humans and animals. Diseases that cause haemorrhagic fevers, such as Marburg, are often fatal as they affect the body’s vascular system (how blood moves through the body). This can lead to significant internal bleeding and organ failure.
How can Marburg virus be prevented?
The following precautions can help prevent infection and spread of Ebola virus and Marburg virus.
- Avoid areas of known outbreaks. …
- Wash your hands frequently. …
- Avoid bush meat. …
- Avoid contact with infected people. …
- Follow infection-control procedures. …
- Don’t handle remains.
How long are you sick with Marburg virus?
Symptoms of Marburg virus disease
The incubation period (interval from infection to onset of symptoms) varies from 2 to 21 days. Illness caused by Marburg virus begins abruptly, with high fever, severe headache and severe malaise. Muscle aches and pains are a common feature.
Is the Marburg virus airborne?
Ebola and Marburg virus diseases are not airborne diseases and are generally considered not to be contagious before the onset of symptoms. Transmission requires direct contact with blood, secretions, organs, or other bodily fluids of dead or living infected people or animals.
What is the life cycle of Marburg virus?
The viral life cycle requires nucleocapsids to bud from the host cell membrane to form the infectious particle. Using cryoEM, the authors found that the host cell’s filopdia, membrane extensions from which the virus buds, could contain more than one nucleocapsid.
Where does Marburg virus replicate?
Ebola and Marburg viruses replicate in monocyte-derived dendritic cells without inducing the production of cytokines and full maturation.
Is Marburg spreading?
Marburg virus is ‘epidemic prone,’ says WHO
The WHO calls the disease “epidemic-prone,” meaning that it can spread easily between people if not prevented. There have been previous Marburg outbreaks in other parts of Africa, including Angola, Uganda, and South Africa.
Who was the first person to get Ebola?
On October 8, 2014, Thomas Eric Duncan, the first person diagnosed with a case of the Ebola Virus Disease in the U.S., dies at age 42 at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas.
Is Ebola still around?
On May 3, 2021, the DRC Ministry of Health and WHO declared the end of the Ebola outbreak in North Kivu Province. Visit the Ebola Outbreak section for information on past Ebola outbreaks.
What caused Ebola?
EVD is caused by the Ebola virus. It’s origin or how it started is unknown. Scientists believe that it is animal-borne and most likely comes from bats, which transmit the Ebola virus to other animals and humans. There is no proof that mosquitos or other insects can transmit the virus.
Who is most susceptible to Marburg?
Certain occupations, such as veterinarians and laboratory or quarantine facility workers who handle non-human primates from Africa, may also be at increased risk of exposure to Marburg virus.
Who are more likely to get Ebola?
People most at risk are those who care for infected people, such as aid workers, or those who handle their blood or body fluid, such as hospital workers, laboratory workers and family members. For the latest on Ebola in Africa see the World Health Organization’s information on the Ebola virus.
Is there a vaccine for Marburg virus?
There is currently no approved vaccine to prevent MARV infection, and there are no treatments for Marburg hemorrhagic fever other than supportive hospital therapy (balancing patients’ fluids, replacing lost blood and clotting factors, and treatment for any complicating infections).
Is there a vaccine for Ebola?
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Ebola vaccine rVSV-ZEBOV (called Ervebo®) on December 19, 2019. This is the first FDA-approved vaccine for Ebola.